2017 Vol. 35, No. 5
Display Method:
2017, 35(5): 385-393,397.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.001
Abstract:
In 2015, more than 8 million people died from various kinds of cancers all over the world. Although traditional chemotherapeutic drugs are widely used in clinic, more than 50% of cancers are significantly resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. Tubulin targeting agents have been confirmed to be effective anti-cancer drugs in clinic. However, some anti-microtubule agents developed resistance after long-term use, such as paclitaxel and vinblastine. In recent years, it is reported that tubulin modulators targeting on the colchicine-binding site are extremely effective against multi-drug resistant cancer cells. In this article, different anti-microtubule agents targeting multi-drug resistant cancers are reviewed.
In 2015, more than 8 million people died from various kinds of cancers all over the world. Although traditional chemotherapeutic drugs are widely used in clinic, more than 50% of cancers are significantly resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. Tubulin targeting agents have been confirmed to be effective anti-cancer drugs in clinic. However, some anti-microtubule agents developed resistance after long-term use, such as paclitaxel and vinblastine. In recent years, it is reported that tubulin modulators targeting on the colchicine-binding site are extremely effective against multi-drug resistant cancer cells. In this article, different anti-microtubule agents targeting multi-drug resistant cancers are reviewed.
2017, 35(5): 394-397.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.002
Abstract:
The volatile oil from traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used in medicine, food, agriculture and many other fields as its significant antibacterial effect on gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and fungus. The clinical application is still not popular due to the poor stability. Cyclodextrin is used as the inclusion material to enhance the stability of volatile oil, make the preparation of production more convenient and the bioavailability improved.The literature referred to antibacterial volatile oil and the inclusion technology were summerized in order to provide reference to intensive study, optimize the technology of inclusion and develop more preparations.
The volatile oil from traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used in medicine, food, agriculture and many other fields as its significant antibacterial effect on gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and fungus. The clinical application is still not popular due to the poor stability. Cyclodextrin is used as the inclusion material to enhance the stability of volatile oil, make the preparation of production more convenient and the bioavailability improved.The literature referred to antibacterial volatile oil and the inclusion technology were summerized in order to provide reference to intensive study, optimize the technology of inclusion and develop more preparations.
2017, 35(5): 398-401,410.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.003
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Objective To study the anti-alcoholism effect of Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture on acute alcohol poisoning in mice. Methods A model of acute alcoholism in mice was established by intragastrical administration of alcohol. The best ratio of each component in the mixture was identified by observing the sobering effect of the mixtures on mice. The best ratio mixture was divided into low dose group and high dose group. The mice tolerance time, drunken time, the ethanol concentration in the blood and the alcohol dehydrogenase activity in liver were measured to study the anti-alcoholism effect of the mixture. Results The Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture not only increased the tolerance time and decreased the drunken time of mice, but also significantly reduced the ethanol concentration in blood and improved the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase in liver. Conclusion This study found that Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture has anti-alcoholism effect on acute alcoholism in mice.
Objective To study the anti-alcoholism effect of Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture on acute alcohol poisoning in mice. Methods A model of acute alcoholism in mice was established by intragastrical administration of alcohol. The best ratio of each component in the mixture was identified by observing the sobering effect of the mixtures on mice. The best ratio mixture was divided into low dose group and high dose group. The mice tolerance time, drunken time, the ethanol concentration in the blood and the alcohol dehydrogenase activity in liver were measured to study the anti-alcoholism effect of the mixture. Results The Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture not only increased the tolerance time and decreased the drunken time of mice, but also significantly reduced the ethanol concentration in blood and improved the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase in liver. Conclusion This study found that Puerariae lobatae radix, Puerariae lobatae flowers, Hovenia dulcis thunb mixture has anti-alcoholism effect on acute alcoholism in mice.
2017, 35(5): 402-406,426.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.004
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Objective To study the protective effect of Rhein on the kidney of type 2 diabetic rats induced by high fat diet. Methods A rat model of type 2 diabetes was induced by high fat diet combined with low dose streptozotocin 35 mg/kg. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetes group, Low, middle and high rhein dose groups (50,100,150 mg/kg), metformin group (300 mg/kg) and normal control group. Blood glucose and urine micro albumin were measured at 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks respectively. Serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured at 8 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of renal tissue. Effects of rhein on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and Smad3 protein in renal tissue of diabetic rats were detected with Western Blot. Results The blood glucose and urine micro albumin in model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group. Each rhein dose group exhibited reduced blood glucose and urinary micro albumin in diabetic rats. The high rhein dose group showed significant reduction of blood glucose and urine micro albumin in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Compared with model group, rhein reduced the serum Cr, BUN, TC and TG values in each dose group, most significantly in the high rhein dose group (P<0.05). The obvious pathological changes of renal tissue in model group were observed with most improved changes in the high rhein dose group. The expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 protein in renal tissue of diabetic rats decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Rhein has preventive effect on diabetic nephropathy. The mechanism may relate to the improvement of renal function, regulation of blood lipid and down regulation of TGF-β1 and Smad3 protein expression in renal tissue.
Objective To study the protective effect of Rhein on the kidney of type 2 diabetic rats induced by high fat diet. Methods A rat model of type 2 diabetes was induced by high fat diet combined with low dose streptozotocin 35 mg/kg. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetes group, Low, middle and high rhein dose groups (50,100,150 mg/kg), metformin group (300 mg/kg) and normal control group. Blood glucose and urine micro albumin were measured at 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks respectively. Serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured at 8 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of renal tissue. Effects of rhein on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and Smad3 protein in renal tissue of diabetic rats were detected with Western Blot. Results The blood glucose and urine micro albumin in model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group. Each rhein dose group exhibited reduced blood glucose and urinary micro albumin in diabetic rats. The high rhein dose group showed significant reduction of blood glucose and urine micro albumin in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Compared with model group, rhein reduced the serum Cr, BUN, TC and TG values in each dose group, most significantly in the high rhein dose group (P<0.05). The obvious pathological changes of renal tissue in model group were observed with most improved changes in the high rhein dose group. The expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3 protein in renal tissue of diabetic rats decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Rhein has preventive effect on diabetic nephropathy. The mechanism may relate to the improvement of renal function, regulation of blood lipid and down regulation of TGF-β1 and Smad3 protein expression in renal tissue.
2017, 35(5): 407-410.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.005
Abstract:
Objective To assess the effects of PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 on the distribution and degranulation of perivascularmast cells in the lung of hypobaric hypoxia rats. Methods SD male rats in the hypoxia group were raised in the specific hypoxic incubator (50.5 kPa).The intervene group received NVP-BEZ235 training (35 mg/kg) intervention once every two days.The control group was fed in the conditions comparable to the other groups at local pressure and normoxia environment. After 21 days, all rats were sacrificed with injection of 5% pentobarbital sodium. Lung tissues were fixed and embedded in paraffin for further hematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining. Results Compared with the control group, the number of pulmonary perivascular mast cells in the hypoxia group increased significantly. Hypoxia group had more mast cell accumulation and larger degranulation ratio around different diameters of pulmonary vessels (less than 50 μm, 50-100 μm, larger than 100 μm) than the control group (P< 0.05).The mast cell numbers decreased in NVP-BEZ235 intervention group compared with hypoxia group (P<0.05).The degranulation ratio of pulmonary vascular mast cells around 50-100 μm in the intervention group was smaller than the hypoxia group (P=0.000 3). Conclusion NVP-BEZ235 inhibits the aggregation of pulmonary perivascular mast cells and degranulation ratio of median diameter pulmonary perivascular mast cells in hypobaric hypoxia rats.
Objective To assess the effects of PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 on the distribution and degranulation of perivascularmast cells in the lung of hypobaric hypoxia rats. Methods SD male rats in the hypoxia group were raised in the specific hypoxic incubator (50.5 kPa).The intervene group received NVP-BEZ235 training (35 mg/kg) intervention once every two days.The control group was fed in the conditions comparable to the other groups at local pressure and normoxia environment. After 21 days, all rats were sacrificed with injection of 5% pentobarbital sodium. Lung tissues were fixed and embedded in paraffin for further hematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining. Results Compared with the control group, the number of pulmonary perivascular mast cells in the hypoxia group increased significantly. Hypoxia group had more mast cell accumulation and larger degranulation ratio around different diameters of pulmonary vessels (less than 50 μm, 50-100 μm, larger than 100 μm) than the control group (P< 0.05).The mast cell numbers decreased in NVP-BEZ235 intervention group compared with hypoxia group (P<0.05).The degranulation ratio of pulmonary vascular mast cells around 50-100 μm in the intervention group was smaller than the hypoxia group (P=0.000 3). Conclusion NVP-BEZ235 inhibits the aggregation of pulmonary perivascular mast cells and degranulation ratio of median diameter pulmonary perivascular mast cells in hypobaric hypoxia rats.
2017, 35(5): 411-414,432.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.006
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Objective To prepare Herba Cistanche enteric release microspheres, optimize the preparation process and study the releasing characteristics of microspheres in vitro. Methods Ion gelatin-oven drying method was used to prepare Herba Cistanche enteric microspheres. The preparation process was optimized with the aid of a Box-Behnken design. Results The optimal preparation condition was 36.33 mg/ml of sodium alginate, 10.82 mg/ml of calcium chloride and 10.93 mg/ml of chitosan. Conclusion This technology is repeatable and feasible. The microspheres have high entrapment efficiency and good sustained release characteristics.
Objective To prepare Herba Cistanche enteric release microspheres, optimize the preparation process and study the releasing characteristics of microspheres in vitro. Methods Ion gelatin-oven drying method was used to prepare Herba Cistanche enteric microspheres. The preparation process was optimized with the aid of a Box-Behnken design. Results The optimal preparation condition was 36.33 mg/ml of sodium alginate, 10.82 mg/ml of calcium chloride and 10.93 mg/ml of chitosan. Conclusion This technology is repeatable and feasible. The microspheres have high entrapment efficiency and good sustained release characteristics.
2017, 35(5): 415-418,471.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.007
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Objective To prepare ebastine dispersible tablets by hot-melt dispersion method using hypromellose as a carrier. Methods Ebastine was heated to melt and dispersed in hot solution of hypromellose. The mixture was adsorbed by mannitol and then used to prepare dispersible tablets. The characteristics of hot-melt dispersion were analyzed by the methods of differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction. A comparison of dissolution curves between self-made dispersible tablets and original ebastine tablets was performed. Results The analysis of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the ebastine in solid matrix remained the main crystalline characteristics. The dissolution of ebastine hot-melt dispersion was 95.07% in 15 min in vitro, which was significantly higher than that of micronized ebastine raw material. Moreover, the accumulative dissolution of ebastine dispersible tablets in 30 min was about 30% higher than the original drug. Conclusion The method of hot-melt dispersion using hypromellose as a carrier improved the ebastine dissolution significantly.
Objective To prepare ebastine dispersible tablets by hot-melt dispersion method using hypromellose as a carrier. Methods Ebastine was heated to melt and dispersed in hot solution of hypromellose. The mixture was adsorbed by mannitol and then used to prepare dispersible tablets. The characteristics of hot-melt dispersion were analyzed by the methods of differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction. A comparison of dissolution curves between self-made dispersible tablets and original ebastine tablets was performed. Results The analysis of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the ebastine in solid matrix remained the main crystalline characteristics. The dissolution of ebastine hot-melt dispersion was 95.07% in 15 min in vitro, which was significantly higher than that of micronized ebastine raw material. Moreover, the accumulative dissolution of ebastine dispersible tablets in 30 min was about 30% higher than the original drug. Conclusion The method of hot-melt dispersion using hypromellose as a carrier improved the ebastine dissolution significantly.
2017, 35(5): 419-421,437.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.008
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Objective To investigate the chemical constituents from marine sponge Agelas sp. Methods Multi-chromatographic methods including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex-LH20 gel permeation and HPLC were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidence and NMR spectra data. Results Nine compounds were isolated and identified as: 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid amide ( 1 ), 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid ( 2 ), 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester ( 3 ), N-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-carbonyl) glycine methyl ester ( 4 ), 3-{[1-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-yl)-methanoyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester ( 5 ), 3-{[1-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-yl)-methanoyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester ( 6 ),isoindole-1,3-dione ( 7 ), 2 (3H)-benzothiazolone ( 8 ), and manzacidin C ( 9 ). Conclusion Compounds 4 ~ 9 were isolated from the sponge of Agelas sp. for the first time,and compounds 4 ~ 6 were new natural products.
Objective To investigate the chemical constituents from marine sponge Agelas sp. Methods Multi-chromatographic methods including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex-LH20 gel permeation and HPLC were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidence and NMR spectra data. Results Nine compounds were isolated and identified as: 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid amide ( 1 ), 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid ( 2 ), 4,5-dibromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester ( 3 ), N-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-carbonyl) glycine methyl ester ( 4 ), 3-{[1-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-yl)-methanoyl]-amino}-propionic acid methyl ester ( 5 ), 3-{[1-(4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-yl)-methanoyl]-amino}-propionic acid ethyl ester ( 6 ),isoindole-1,3-dione ( 7 ), 2 (3H)-benzothiazolone ( 8 ), and manzacidin C ( 9 ). Conclusion Compounds 4 ~ 9 were isolated from the sponge of Agelas sp. for the first time,and compounds 4 ~ 6 were new natural products.
2017, 35(5): 422-426.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.009
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Objective To develop a rapid method for the identification of inactivated C. albicans by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Methods Live C. albicans cultures were exposed to heating, formaldehyde and fungicidal drug (amphotericin B). The corresponding SERS spectra were acquired for the investigation and comparison. Results The spectra acquired with three different inactivation methods exhibited similar features of dead C. albicans, which showed significant difference from the spectra of the live culture. Conclusion This SERS method can identify the inactivated C. albicans rapidly. Hopefully it will provide a convenient tool for quick identification of other inactivated pathogenic microorganisms.
Objective To develop a rapid method for the identification of inactivated C. albicans by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Methods Live C. albicans cultures were exposed to heating, formaldehyde and fungicidal drug (amphotericin B). The corresponding SERS spectra were acquired for the investigation and comparison. Results The spectra acquired with three different inactivation methods exhibited similar features of dead C. albicans, which showed significant difference from the spectra of the live culture. Conclusion This SERS method can identify the inactivated C. albicans rapidly. Hopefully it will provide a convenient tool for quick identification of other inactivated pathogenic microorganisms.
2017, 35(5): 427-432.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.010
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Objective To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of seven constituents in Pifubingxuedu tablet. Methods The determination was performed on Kromasil-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm).The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a flow rate of 0.8ml/min. The detector was PDA and detection wavelength was set at 245,325,403 nm, respectively. Results A method has been established for the determination of chlorogenic acid, hydroxy Safflower Pigment A, paeoniflorin, forsythiaside A, ferulic acid, berberine and glycyrrhizin acid in one run by HPLC. Their average contents and RSD in each Pifubingxuedu tablet were 0.299 5 mg/tablet (2.25%);0.700 0 mg/tablet(1.33%);0.429 2 mg/tablet (1.21%);0.039 1 mg/tablet (2.34%);0.014 8 mg/tablet(2.23%);0.209 0 mg/tablet (2.06%);0.272 7 mg/tablet (2.68%), respectively. Conclusion The established method is simple, convenient, accurate and reliable. It is suitable for the quality control of Pifubingxuedu tablet.
Objective To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of seven constituents in Pifubingxuedu tablet. Methods The determination was performed on Kromasil-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm).The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a flow rate of 0.8ml/min. The detector was PDA and detection wavelength was set at 245,325,403 nm, respectively. Results A method has been established for the determination of chlorogenic acid, hydroxy Safflower Pigment A, paeoniflorin, forsythiaside A, ferulic acid, berberine and glycyrrhizin acid in one run by HPLC. Their average contents and RSD in each Pifubingxuedu tablet were 0.299 5 mg/tablet (2.25%);0.700 0 mg/tablet(1.33%);0.429 2 mg/tablet (1.21%);0.039 1 mg/tablet (2.34%);0.014 8 mg/tablet(2.23%);0.209 0 mg/tablet (2.06%);0.272 7 mg/tablet (2.68%), respectively. Conclusion The established method is simple, convenient, accurate and reliable. It is suitable for the quality control of Pifubingxuedu tablet.
2017, 35(5): 433-437.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.011
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Objective To study the development and utilization of Li medicine resources in Hainan Province, analyze the existing problems and present specific suggestions for the rational exploitation and utilization of Li medicine resources. Methods SWOT analysis was carried out on the development and utilization of Li medicine in Hainan by means of literature analysis and field survey. Results The advantage of Li medicine lies in its long history and sufficient resources. The complicated ethnic factors within Li nationality hindered the development of Li medicine and resulted in the lack of basic research. Although the relevant policies and market demands have brought opportunities for the development of Li medicine, the rapid development of society may pose a potential threat to the development and protection of Li medicine resources. Conclusion The unique advantages of Li medicine ought to be used to create Li medicine brand. While Hainan is building its international tourism island, the health benefits of Li medicine should be promoted. Through the creation of Li medicine schools or departments, new professionals need to be trained to continue the development and utilization of Li medicine.
Objective To study the development and utilization of Li medicine resources in Hainan Province, analyze the existing problems and present specific suggestions for the rational exploitation and utilization of Li medicine resources. Methods SWOT analysis was carried out on the development and utilization of Li medicine in Hainan by means of literature analysis and field survey. Results The advantage of Li medicine lies in its long history and sufficient resources. The complicated ethnic factors within Li nationality hindered the development of Li medicine and resulted in the lack of basic research. Although the relevant policies and market demands have brought opportunities for the development of Li medicine, the rapid development of society may pose a potential threat to the development and protection of Li medicine resources. Conclusion The unique advantages of Li medicine ought to be used to create Li medicine brand. While Hainan is building its international tourism island, the health benefits of Li medicine should be promoted. Through the creation of Li medicine schools or departments, new professionals need to be trained to continue the development and utilization of Li medicine.
2017, 35(5): 438-440,480.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.012
Abstract:
Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative analytic method for quality control of Wujin capsules. Methods Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.in Wujin capsules were identified by TLC method. The content of tenacissoside H was determined by HPLC.Chromatographic separation was achieved at Waters Xbridge C18 column (100 mm×3.0 mm, 3.5 μm) with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). Acetonitrile and H2O were used as the mobile phase for isocratic elution. Results The qualitative identification by TLC was specific. The well separated clear spots were exhibited on each thin layer plate.Tenacissoside H had a linear equation in the range of 11.60-580.00 μg/ml(r=0.999 0). The average recovery was 101.54%. Conclusion The TLC identification of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.was simple and well established. The HPLC-ELSD method was specific,sensitive and reliable.Those methods can be used for the quality control of Wujin capsules.
Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative analytic method for quality control of Wujin capsules. Methods Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.in Wujin capsules were identified by TLC method. The content of tenacissoside H was determined by HPLC.Chromatographic separation was achieved at Waters Xbridge C18 column (100 mm×3.0 mm, 3.5 μm) with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). Acetonitrile and H2O were used as the mobile phase for isocratic elution. Results The qualitative identification by TLC was specific. The well separated clear spots were exhibited on each thin layer plate.Tenacissoside H had a linear equation in the range of 11.60-580.00 μg/ml(r=0.999 0). The average recovery was 101.54%. Conclusion The TLC identification of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.was simple and well established. The HPLC-ELSD method was specific,sensitive and reliable.Those methods can be used for the quality control of Wujin capsules.
2017, 35(5): 441-443.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.013
Abstract:
Objective To develop a method for the determination of total anthraquinones in Xiaofan lotion by HPLC. Methods Rhubarb anthraquinones were simultaneously separated and assayed on a Kromasil C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with the mobile phase of 0.1%phosphoric acid-methanol (15:85) at 30 ℃.The detection wavelength was 207 nm. Results The linear relationship is good for Aloe-emodin and other five standard ingredients. The average recovery was 99.45%, RSD 1.68%. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and accurate. It is suitable for determination of total anthraquinones in Xiaofan lotion.
Objective To develop a method for the determination of total anthraquinones in Xiaofan lotion by HPLC. Methods Rhubarb anthraquinones were simultaneously separated and assayed on a Kromasil C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) with the mobile phase of 0.1%phosphoric acid-methanol (15:85) at 30 ℃.The detection wavelength was 207 nm. Results The linear relationship is good for Aloe-emodin and other five standard ingredients. The average recovery was 99.45%, RSD 1.68%. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and accurate. It is suitable for determination of total anthraquinones in Xiaofan lotion.
2017, 35(5): 444-446,452.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.014
Abstract:
Objective To assay Icariine, Epimedin C, asperosaponin Ⅵ, psoralen and angelicin in Xianlinggubao capsules via multi-wavelength HPLC method. Methods Separation was carried out on Welch Ultimate® XB-C18 column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water system and a linear gradient elution was used. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength for Icariine, Epimedin C,asperosaponin Ⅵ was set at 212 nm, psoralen and angelicin at 246 nm. Results Five components reached baseline separation, the linearity was good when sample size was in the range of 0.008 2-0.328 μg for Icariine(r=0.999 5), 0.055 6-2.224 μg for Epimedin C (r=0.999 6), 0.144 1-5.764 μg for asperosaponin Ⅵ(r=0.999 6), 0.005 4-0.215 2 μg for psoralen(r=0.998 0), 0.006 6-0.265 6 μg for angelicin(r=0.998 5). The average recoveries were 97.59%, 98.58%, 98.11%, 97.86%, 98.22% respectively. The RSDs of recovery were all less than 2.0%. Conclusion This method is simple, accurate, with good separation, high sensitivity for the assay of multiple components in Xianlinggubao capsule.
Objective To assay Icariine, Epimedin C, asperosaponin Ⅵ, psoralen and angelicin in Xianlinggubao capsules via multi-wavelength HPLC method. Methods Separation was carried out on Welch Ultimate® XB-C18 column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water system and a linear gradient elution was used. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength for Icariine, Epimedin C,asperosaponin Ⅵ was set at 212 nm, psoralen and angelicin at 246 nm. Results Five components reached baseline separation, the linearity was good when sample size was in the range of 0.008 2-0.328 μg for Icariine(r=0.999 5), 0.055 6-2.224 μg for Epimedin C (r=0.999 6), 0.144 1-5.764 μg for asperosaponin Ⅵ(r=0.999 6), 0.005 4-0.215 2 μg for psoralen(r=0.998 0), 0.006 6-0.265 6 μg for angelicin(r=0.998 5). The average recoveries were 97.59%, 98.58%, 98.11%, 97.86%, 98.22% respectively. The RSDs of recovery were all less than 2.0%. Conclusion This method is simple, accurate, with good separation, high sensitivity for the assay of multiple components in Xianlinggubao capsule.
2017, 35(5): 447-448,456.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.015
Abstract:
Objective To review the drug therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and provide a reference for clinical individualized medication regime. Methods The mechanisms and clinical indications of commonly used BPH medications and some new drugs were discussed. The challenges for BPH therapies were also explored. Results α-receptor inhibitors and 5α-reductase inhibitors have the best effect for BPH. Surgery is needed for the BPH patients who are not responsive to the drug therapy. Conclusion Individualized medication programs reduce the medication waste and give patients the best treatment options.
Objective To review the drug therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and provide a reference for clinical individualized medication regime. Methods The mechanisms and clinical indications of commonly used BPH medications and some new drugs were discussed. The challenges for BPH therapies were also explored. Results α-receptor inhibitors and 5α-reductase inhibitors have the best effect for BPH. Surgery is needed for the BPH patients who are not responsive to the drug therapy. Conclusion Individualized medication programs reduce the medication waste and give patients the best treatment options.
2017, 35(5): 449-452.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.016
Abstract:
Objective To explore the clinical effects of different dose of clopidogrel on the neural functions in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods 120 patients with ischemic stroke were randomly divided into low dose group (clopidogrel 75 mg daily) or high dose group (clopidogrel 150 mg daily). All the patients received the same basic treatment plus clopidogrel for 3 month. Both groups were evaluated and compared for their NIHSS scores, platelet count, platelet aggregation rate, neurologic deterioration rate, recurrence rate of cerebral infarction and intracranial bleeding rate at the time of admission, one month and three month. Results Compared to the scores at the time of admission, NIHSS scores decreased in both groups after one month treatment with statistical significance (P<0.05). The high dose group dropped more obviously. The NIHSS scores at 3 month in the low dose group had no difference statistically compared to 1 month (P>0.05), while high dose group declined significantly (P<0.05). The platelet count and platelet aggregation were decreased significantly in high dose group at 3 month(P<0.05), while there was no significant change in the low dose group(P>0.05). The neurologic deterioration rate, recurrence rate of cerebral infarction in the low dose group were 11.7%, 10.0% respectively, significantly higher than that of high dose group (5.0%, 5.0%, respectively), which was statistically significant (P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between two groups in intracranial bleeding rate (5.0% and 6.7% respectively). Conclusion Patients on clopidogrel 150 mg exhibited much better recovery of neural functions and greater reduction in the recurrence of cerebral infarction and atherosclerosis related cardiovascular events.
Objective To explore the clinical effects of different dose of clopidogrel on the neural functions in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods 120 patients with ischemic stroke were randomly divided into low dose group (clopidogrel 75 mg daily) or high dose group (clopidogrel 150 mg daily). All the patients received the same basic treatment plus clopidogrel for 3 month. Both groups were evaluated and compared for their NIHSS scores, platelet count, platelet aggregation rate, neurologic deterioration rate, recurrence rate of cerebral infarction and intracranial bleeding rate at the time of admission, one month and three month. Results Compared to the scores at the time of admission, NIHSS scores decreased in both groups after one month treatment with statistical significance (P<0.05). The high dose group dropped more obviously. The NIHSS scores at 3 month in the low dose group had no difference statistically compared to 1 month (P>0.05), while high dose group declined significantly (P<0.05). The platelet count and platelet aggregation were decreased significantly in high dose group at 3 month(P<0.05), while there was no significant change in the low dose group(P>0.05). The neurologic deterioration rate, recurrence rate of cerebral infarction in the low dose group were 11.7%, 10.0% respectively, significantly higher than that of high dose group (5.0%, 5.0%, respectively), which was statistically significant (P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between two groups in intracranial bleeding rate (5.0% and 6.7% respectively). Conclusion Patients on clopidogrel 150 mg exhibited much better recovery of neural functions and greater reduction in the recurrence of cerebral infarction and atherosclerosis related cardiovascular events.
2017, 35(5): 453-456.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.017
Abstract:
Objective To explore how clinical pharmacists participate in clinical drug practice. Methods Clinical pharmacists involved in the treatment of one lymphocytic hyophysitis case with glucocorticoid and provided patient with medication education to ensure the safe and effective treatment. Results Pharmacists offered an effective and feasible treatment program for doctors and the patient. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists participated actively in the clinical treatment programs to ensure the effective development of clinical diagnosis and treatment and improve the medication therapy results.
Objective To explore how clinical pharmacists participate in clinical drug practice. Methods Clinical pharmacists involved in the treatment of one lymphocytic hyophysitis case with glucocorticoid and provided patient with medication education to ensure the safe and effective treatment. Results Pharmacists offered an effective and feasible treatment program for doctors and the patient. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists participated actively in the clinical treatment programs to ensure the effective development of clinical diagnosis and treatment and improve the medication therapy results.
2017, 35(5): 457-459.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.018
Abstract:
Objective To improve the rational use of human serum albumin(HSA)in cancer patients by the interventions of clinical pharmacists. Methods Literature search of HSA was performed by clinical pharmacists for clinical indications and appropriate usage. The HSA use protocol was implemented by clinical pharmacists and related clinical experts. The protocol adaptation was reinforced by clinical pharmacists. Results The rate of the rational use of HSA has been improved. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists play an important role in the clinical rational use of HSA based on evidence-based pharmacy.
Objective To improve the rational use of human serum albumin(HSA)in cancer patients by the interventions of clinical pharmacists. Methods Literature search of HSA was performed by clinical pharmacists for clinical indications and appropriate usage. The HSA use protocol was implemented by clinical pharmacists and related clinical experts. The protocol adaptation was reinforced by clinical pharmacists. Results The rate of the rational use of HSA has been improved. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists play an important role in the clinical rational use of HSA based on evidence-based pharmacy.
2017, 35(5): 460-462,465.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.019
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the treatment of a Parkinson's disease patient with mental disorders. Methods Clinical pharmacists provided appropriate pharmaceutical care and optimized the treatment program based on patient's symptom, medication history, drug interactions,and adverse drug reactions etc. Results Clinical pharmacists improved rational drug use by participating in the development of patient's treatment program, giving patient with proper medication instruction and discharge education. Conclusion With their professional knowledge, clinical pharmacists play an important role in rational drug use and helping physicians to optimize the medication regimen.
Objective To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the treatment of a Parkinson's disease patient with mental disorders. Methods Clinical pharmacists provided appropriate pharmaceutical care and optimized the treatment program based on patient's symptom, medication history, drug interactions,and adverse drug reactions etc. Results Clinical pharmacists improved rational drug use by participating in the development of patient's treatment program, giving patient with proper medication instruction and discharge education. Conclusion With their professional knowledge, clinical pharmacists play an important role in rational drug use and helping physicians to optimize the medication regimen.
2017, 35(5): 463-465.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.020
Abstract:
Objective To explore the methods and ideas of pharmaceutical care by analyzing a case of amiodarone induced hypothyroidism. Methods Through participating in the treatment for an atrial fibrillation case with hypothyroidism, the cause of hypothyroidism was analyzed by literature searching, patient's clinical and medication history review and other related examinations. Results Clinical pharmacists proposed that the patient's hypothyroidism was due to the long-term use of amiodarone. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists worked closely with physicians to provide rational medication treatment, improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions.
Objective To explore the methods and ideas of pharmaceutical care by analyzing a case of amiodarone induced hypothyroidism. Methods Through participating in the treatment for an atrial fibrillation case with hypothyroidism, the cause of hypothyroidism was analyzed by literature searching, patient's clinical and medication history review and other related examinations. Results Clinical pharmacists proposed that the patient's hypothyroidism was due to the long-term use of amiodarone. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists worked closely with physicians to provide rational medication treatment, improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions.
2017, 35(5): 466-471.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.021
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the relationship between the trauma severity and the usage of antibacterial drugs and to provide reference for standard protocol of proper antibiotic use in wound care. Methods ICD-10 and AIS were used to set up the relationship and to analyze the use of antibiotics in patients with different trauma score. Results 25 035 trauma patients were enrolled in this study. Those patients were divided into five groups according to the AIS score with least severe as group 1 to most severe as group 5. The patient percentage in group 1 to 5 was 21.92%,67.73%,8.86%,0.97% and 0.52% respectively. The five most frequently used antibiotic classes are second generation cephalosporins,third generation cephalosporins,first generation cephalosporins,fluoroquinolones and penicillin/beta lactamase inhibitor combination, accounted for 29.69%,22.57%,20.33%,4.66% and 4.47% of total DDDs of antibacterial drugs. Individually, the top 10 antibiotics are cefuroxime (12.21%), cefazolin (8.31%), ceftriaxone (7.74%), cefathiamidine (7.34%), cefotiam (4.87%), ceftazidime (3.68%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.63%), levofloxacin (3.59%), cefoxitin (3.56%), flucloxacillin (3.52%); gentamicin (2.27%), ornidazole (2.00%) and cefoperazone/tazobactam (1.44%) were used most in their categories respectively. The variety and quantity of antibacterial drugs used for different trauma patients were different. Conclusion The trauma score based on ICD-AIS can reflect the severity of trauma. The use of antibiotics in patients with different trauma score can provide reference for the clinical applications of antibiotics in wound care.
Objective To investigate the relationship between the trauma severity and the usage of antibacterial drugs and to provide reference for standard protocol of proper antibiotic use in wound care. Methods ICD-10 and AIS were used to set up the relationship and to analyze the use of antibiotics in patients with different trauma score. Results 25 035 trauma patients were enrolled in this study. Those patients were divided into five groups according to the AIS score with least severe as group 1 to most severe as group 5. The patient percentage in group 1 to 5 was 21.92%,67.73%,8.86%,0.97% and 0.52% respectively. The five most frequently used antibiotic classes are second generation cephalosporins,third generation cephalosporins,first generation cephalosporins,fluoroquinolones and penicillin/beta lactamase inhibitor combination, accounted for 29.69%,22.57%,20.33%,4.66% and 4.47% of total DDDs of antibacterial drugs. Individually, the top 10 antibiotics are cefuroxime (12.21%), cefazolin (8.31%), ceftriaxone (7.74%), cefathiamidine (7.34%), cefotiam (4.87%), ceftazidime (3.68%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.63%), levofloxacin (3.59%), cefoxitin (3.56%), flucloxacillin (3.52%); gentamicin (2.27%), ornidazole (2.00%) and cefoperazone/tazobactam (1.44%) were used most in their categories respectively. The variety and quantity of antibacterial drugs used for different trauma patients were different. Conclusion The trauma score based on ICD-AIS can reflect the severity of trauma. The use of antibiotics in patients with different trauma score can provide reference for the clinical applications of antibiotics in wound care.
2017, 35(5): 472-474,478.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.022
Abstract:
Objective To improve the rational use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). Methods Clinical pharmacists reviewed ACEI use for the patients admitted into coronary heart disease care unit (CCU) during May 2012 to May 2013 to analyze the rational use of ACEI according to the expert consensus standards, guidelines and drug instructions of ACEI without any interventions. Clinical pharmacists intervened the irrational use of ACEI based on the same standard from June 2013 to May 2015. Results By comparing the data before and after intervention, it was found that the percentage of ACEI use increased from 80.1% to 98.9%. The percentage of initial ACEI overdose was dropped from 21.4% to 0.9%, and the percentage of under dose was decreased from 4.7% to 0.5%, which was statistically significant. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists can play a leading role in promoting the rational use of ACEI.
Objective To improve the rational use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). Methods Clinical pharmacists reviewed ACEI use for the patients admitted into coronary heart disease care unit (CCU) during May 2012 to May 2013 to analyze the rational use of ACEI according to the expert consensus standards, guidelines and drug instructions of ACEI without any interventions. Clinical pharmacists intervened the irrational use of ACEI based on the same standard from June 2013 to May 2015. Results By comparing the data before and after intervention, it was found that the percentage of ACEI use increased from 80.1% to 98.9%. The percentage of initial ACEI overdose was dropped from 21.4% to 0.9%, and the percentage of under dose was decreased from 4.7% to 0.5%, which was statistically significant. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists can play a leading role in promoting the rational use of ACEI.
2017, 35(5): 475-478.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.05.023
Abstract:
Objective To study the irrational intravenous (IV) medication orders and promote rational medication applications. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the irrational prescriptions from January to December 2016. Results Among 39 948 IV medication orders reviewed, there were 134 irrational prescriptions of cytotoxic drugs (0.33%) and 222 irrational prescriptions of total parenteral nutrition(TPN)(0.56%).Within 356 irrational prescriptions, 19 had improper amount of diluent(5.34%), 95 inappropriate dosage(26.69%), 12 drug incompatibility(3.37%), 8 wrong diluent (2.24%) and 222 inappropriate TPN orders (62.36%). Conclusion The interventions of the clinical pharmacists are needed to reduce medication errors and improve the drug safety and effectiveness.
Objective To study the irrational intravenous (IV) medication orders and promote rational medication applications. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the irrational prescriptions from January to December 2016. Results Among 39 948 IV medication orders reviewed, there were 134 irrational prescriptions of cytotoxic drugs (0.33%) and 222 irrational prescriptions of total parenteral nutrition(TPN)(0.56%).Within 356 irrational prescriptions, 19 had improper amount of diluent(5.34%), 95 inappropriate dosage(26.69%), 12 drug incompatibility(3.37%), 8 wrong diluent (2.24%) and 222 inappropriate TPN orders (62.36%). Conclusion The interventions of the clinical pharmacists are needed to reduce medication errors and improve the drug safety and effectiveness.
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